AGRI-PROFILE: SAN TEODORO

AGRI-PROFILE: SAN TEODORO,
ORIENTAL MINDORO

San Teodoro, Oriental Mindoro

San Teodoro at present is an agricultural town. About 81% of its population is engaged in agriculture and agri-related activities. The town is mostly upland and mountainous; 33% of its population lives in those areas while the rest of the population resides along the coastlines and other flat areas.

The agriculture sector dominates the local economy. There are already sufficient farm to market roads in the municipality due to the relentless effort of the local government to improve transportation infrastructure to facilitate ease in transporting agricultural products. However, problems on the lack of basic services such as potable water system, poor electrical services, communication services, banking services, health services like licensed pharmacies and hospitals and development of tourism and industry, remains. It is also because of these factors why graduates in the municipality do not go back to find employment in San Teodoro because of limited job opportunities.

At present, the local government is engaged in infrastructure projects like the hydroelectric power plant and the establishment of a potable water system. The town’s well-preserved watershed and virgin forests make these projects viable and sustainable. The local government also intends to create a technical vocational school to equip the residents with basic technical expertise and facilitate greater ease for most students that they do not have to go to other cities to pursue tertiary education.

Comparative Agricultural Crop Areas and Production, 2011-2015

Major Crop	Area		Increase/Decrease	Volume of Production		Increase/Decrease
	Y1 (2011)	Y2 (2015)	Increase/Decrease	Y1 (2011)	Y2 (2015)	Increase/Decrease
Coconut	2,005.30	2,370.40	Increase	1,630.98 tons	1,796.52 tons	Increase
Banana	1,888.06	2,015.15	Increase	453,199 tons	483,636 tons	Increase
Fruits	892.33	917.33	Increase	2,323.6 tons	2,373.6 tons	Increase
Rice	309.10	398.00	Increase	1,159.1 tons	1,455.5 tons	Increase
Corn	7.00	10.00	Increase	70 tons	50 tons	Increase
Vegetables	2.43	11.50	Increase	22.3 tons	50 tons	Increase
Source: Provincial Agriculturist's Office

Existing Major Agricultural Crops by Area, Production and Market, 2015

Major Crops	Barangay	Area		Production		Product Market
		Hectares	% Total	Volume (MT)	Value (in million Php)	Local	Export
Coconut	Bigaan Calsapa Calangatan Lumangbayan Caagutayan Poblacion Ilag Tacligan	400 240 245 301 287 170 223 280	19 13 11 14 13 8 10 13	1500 900 978.75 1128.75 1076.25 637.50 836.25 1050	37.50 22.50 24.47 28.22 26.91 15.94 20.91 26.25	San Teodoro Calapan Quezon Batangas Pangasinan
		2146	100	8107.50	202.70
Banana	Bigaan Calsapa Calangatan Lumangbayan Caagutayan Poblacion Ilag Tacligan	81 130 91 21 140 5 18 21	16 26 18 4 28 1 4 4	5062.50 8125 5687.50 1312.20 8750 312.50 1125 112.50	202.50 325 227.50 52.50 350 12.50 45 52.50	San Teodoro Calapan
		507	100	31867.50	1267.50
Fruits (rambutan, lanzones, citrus)	Bigaan Calsapa Calangatan Lumangbayan Caagutayan Poblacion Ilag Tacligan	18.50 26.50 159.61 11.70 37.50 0.50 7.20 14	7 10 58 4 14 0 3 5	102 144.40 886.60 65 208.30 2.80 40 77.80	3.08 5.05 31.03 2.28 7.29 0.10 1.40 2.72	Calapan Puerto Galera Manila
		275.56	100	1527.70	52.95
Rice	Poblacion Ilag Bigaan Calsapa Lumangbayan Calangatan Tacligan	12 22 77 51 62 55 149	3 5 18 12 14 13 35	44.76 84.92 296.45 204.45 263 209 566.20	6.30 1.19 4.15 2.95 3.70 2.93 7.90	San Teodoro Calapan Puerto Galera
		428	100	1666.28	29.12
Corn	Bigaan Caagutayan Ilag Calangatan	2 3 .50 .50	33 50 8 8	7 10.50 1.75 1.75	.11 .16 .26 .26	San Teodoro
		6	100	21	.79
Vegetables (eggplant, okra, string beans, bitter gourd)	Bigaan Calsapa Calangatan Lumangbayan Caagutayan Poblacion Ilag Tacligan	1.65 2.96 .12 .96 1.87 .12 .65 .30	19 43 1 11 22 1 8 3	.05 .10 .01 .04 .07 .01 .04 .03	.01 .05 .01 .01 .01 .01 .01 .01	San Teodoro Calapan Puerto Galera
		8.63	100	.35	.11
Source: Municipal Agriculturist's Office

Table shows the area and location of lands devoted to agricultural crop production as well as the total production and value of production per major crop.. The municipality’s area devoted to crop production is 1.5% of the total area of the municipality. Also shown is the average production per hectare for different crops.

The area devoted to agricultural production is 5,722.38. Coconut has the largest area planted, which is 41.42% of the total agricultural land. Banana, which covers 35.22% of the total crop area, has low income because the common pests of the crop affect the quality and quantity of the product. Fruit trees are 16.03%, rice, 6.96%, corn is .17 % and vegetables are .2% of the total crop production area.

The comparative area and volume of production per major crop is shown in Table A. Increase in volume of production is noted from year 1 (2014) to year 2 (2008) because of increase in area planted to the crops. However, although agricultural activities in the area are extensive, the increase in area planted is small because most of the crops planted only compensated for the crops lost and damaged in the past strong typhoons Nona and Nina in years 2014 and 2015.

The area for crop production has a potential of seven thousand (7,000) hectares according to Bureau of Soils survey in 1950’s. Due to “kaingin” activities of the indigenous people, and agro-forest activities of the DENR, this had increased to about ten thousand including upland and highlands in the mountainous parts. This is seen as big potential in increasing crop productivity in the municipality.

Breakdown of Total Crop Production within the Municipality

The value of livestock and poultry production is shown in Table 41. It is seen that the percentage of production value with that of the total agricultural production value is 2.97%. It is mainly backyard. The usual animals raised are cattle, swine, goats, carabaos, chicken, ducks, geese and turkey. The livestock and poultry market distribution are in neighboring provinces of Batangas and Quezon, nearby municipalities like Baco, Calapan and Puerto Galera as well as within the locality. No record for the volume of product for local and other consumptions are available.

Apart from backyard production, there is a commercial piggery or swine production in Barangay Bigaan. A cattle ranch also exists in Barangay Caagutayan, half of the area is located at Puerto Galera. Carabaos are often used as draft animals or sold for cash in cases of need. For goat raising, some are being handled by organizations while most are owned by individuals.

San Teodoro has a growing capability in swine-raising, particularly in Barangay Bigaan, which can significantly augment income for both individuals or groups involved and also the government. If mirrored in other municipalities, massive support in infrastructure is needed. This is essential in ensuring that the expansion of piggeries is adherent to sanitation requirements and will not have any adverse effect on the environment.

Existing Livestock and Poultry Farms, 2015

Type	Barangay	Area	Classification	Production		Product Market
				Volume	Value (Million Php)
A. Livestock
Swine	Bigaan	1.5	Commercial	300 sows 10 boars 2250 fatteners 2000 piglets	5.4 0.21 20.25 4.6	Calapan Manila Calabarzon Local
	Tacligan	.25	Backyard	15 sows 3 boars 200 fatteners 180 piglets	0.27 0.02 0.09 0.18	Puerto Galera Batangas Calapan Local
	Lumangbayan	0.25	Backyard	12 sows 1 boar 80 fattener 180 piglets	0.22 0.02 1.35 0.14	Puerto Galera Batangas Calapan Local
	Bigaan, Calsapa	0.25	Bakyard	19 sows 112 fatteners 100 piglets	0.14 0.02 0.84 0.01	Puerto Galera Batangas Calapan Local
Cattle	Caagutaya 8 Barangays	50 25	Backyard Backyard	35 heads 148 heads	1.08 4.8	Calapan Puerto Galera Batangas
Carabao	8 barangays	50	Backyard	600 heads	15.7	Calapan Puerto Galera
Goat	8 barangays	20	Bakyard	300 heads	0.99
B. Poultry
Chicken	8 Barangays	4.5	Backyard	7,000 broilers	1
Ducks	Ilag, Calsapa	0.001	Backyard	150 heads	0.23
Geese	Ilag	0.001	Backyard	10 heads	0.05
Source: Municipal Agriculturist's Office

Existing Agricultural Support Facilities and Services, Year 2015

Post Harvest Facilities and Support Services	Location	Number	Type/Capacity	Utilization	Remarks (whether operational, needs repair, etc.)
Milling	Calsapa Tacligan		Rice Mill		Operational
Cold Storage	None				None but needed
Multi-purpose Drying Pavement	Tacligan Bigaan Calsapa Lumangbayan	1 1 1 1	Solar Drier Solar Drier Solar Drier Solar Drier		Operational Operational Operational Operational
Flat bed Dryer	Bigaan	1	Flat bed Dryer		Operational
Market Center	Poblacion	1			Needs Expansion
Warehouse	Poblacion				Private Ownership
Fish Processing	Lumangbayan Tacligan Ilag	1 1 1
TOTAL		15
Source: Municipal Agriculturist's Office

Major and Minor Agricultural Occupations / Groups in Urban and Rural Area, 2015

Major and Minor Occupation Groups	Location	Urban	Rural	Total
Farmers	Municipal Wide		912	912
Crop Farmers			349	349
Orchard Farmers			322	322
Farm Workers			433	433
Fishermen			1000	1000
Livestock			32	32
Poultry Farmers			69	69
Aqua-farm Cultivators			20	20
Inland			20	20
TOTAL			3,170	3,170
Source: Municipal Agriculturist's Office

The number of full time farmers in the municipality is 35% of the total household. These farmers own the land that they tend. Crop farmers and orchard farmers belong to this category. The farm workers are categorized as farm laborers, because they are paid for farm labor like clearing fields, weeding, planting and other farm activities in the farm that require labor.

Since San Teodoro is a coastal town, a significant number of its residents are engaged in fishing. The number of fishermen is comparable to the number of residents involved in farming activities. Table 46 shows the major and minor agricultural occupations in San Teodoro.

Source: Municipal Agriculture Office of San Teodoro, Oriental Mindoro

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